Here's a simple strategy

I would prefer more communication rather than none.

Yes, if it's like when people tell you how to drive.

a good idea in principle. keeping communications to their useful minimum isn't a bad thing. sometimes there's room for a bit more talking than that though. nobody should ever blab about stupid shit and especially should not boss their team around or insult their opponents or team-mates. 

Was in a bad mood last night when I posted the OP, due to a more experienced (I presume) team-mate piling on the insults, thereby distracting me, thereby causing me to commit even more errors. Though I made mistakes, we were winning for a long time, and I chalk up the loss to the distraction caused me by my team-mate.

You're right there can be a little more than brief information or advice. Even aside from planning, some comeraderie-building bits of chatter can probably also be appropriate, such as cheering when a team-mate accomplishes something or saying "sorry" if you yourself make a mistake or can't help a team-mate for some reason. This can help the team's efficiency, reducing any tendency to get defensive or angry about things that happen in game.

I tend to prefere the more talkative games; granted I sometimes entertain writing a few semi-informative updates on what I'm doing. Though I'd never insult a teammate for being new to the game (or any other reason, for that matter). Insults tend to be counter-productive.

There's times when you need to direct new players to keep them from learning bad habits. Frustration is possible, because no matter how many times you tell them to fall back in the lane they are in, instead of crossing lanes and taking 15 extra seconds to get behind the towers, they never seem to listen.

Usually I communicate very briefly, and any time I have a strategy I use it in the form of a suggestion.

Example:

Me: We should go for the kill on TB so that we can force Rook back and let creep's sacrifice into his tower so we can split up and push opposite lanes.

Team member: Alright.

See how easy that is? Instead of saying "KILL TB!!!11one!!" it's much easier to give a suggestion when running back to the healing crystal or to the item shop when your hands are free to type. Communication is necessary, but badgering someone to do something is not.

TL/DR 

I fix'd that for you, kk?!